The colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in the United States.
The incidence of colorectal cancer is seemed to increase lately in our country as the dietary condition has been westernized. In addition that various diet, life style, hormonal, psychological variables and other unknown environmental factors may affect colorectal cancer.
But earlier detection with numerous favorable means and appropriate surgical treatment for colorectal cancer used to improve survival and the quality of life of patients after surgical therapy. In this reguard authors reviewed 105 cases of colorectal cancers had been treated at the Department of General Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University from July 1984 to June 1988.
The results are as follows;
1) The peak incidence reveales in the sixth decade and followed by seventh decade and those are 64.7%. The sex ratio is predominant in male as 1.1 : 1
2) The location of lesion is most frequent in the rectum(61.0%) and followed by sigmoid colon(16.2%).
3) The common symptoms and signs are bloody stool and melena, pencil like stool, constipation, abdominal pain and defication difficulty.
4) Major diagnostic methods and those accuracy are barium enema 96.2% sigmoidoscopy 92.1%, rectal examination 54.3% and flexible fiberoptic colonoscopy 85.7%.
5) Pathologic diagnosis of patients were mostly adenocarcinoma 94.8%, which were moderately differentiated 66.7% and well differentiated 18.5%.
6) Dukes´ classification shows. A: 16.7%, B: 19.8%, C: 29.2%, D: 34.4% and pathological staging shows. Ⅰ :16.7%, Ⅱ: 19.8%, Ⅲ: 32.3%, Ⅳ:31.3%.
7) No correlation was found between the level of CEA and pathological grade ana stage.
8) Major operative procedure were as follows ; Miles´ operation: 29.0%, sigmoid loop colostomy:21.%, right hemicolectomy:15.0%, anterior resection:14.0%, lower anterior resection:9.0%.
9) Overall postoperative complication was 38.0% which include wound infection 34.7%, bladder dysfunction 24.5%, intestinal obstruction 18.4%, and leakage 10.2% and operative mortality is none.
10) Distant metastasis developed in the liver, 19.0% and in pelvic organ, 12.4%.
11) 4 years follow up shows as follows, 1 year survival rate is 83.0%, 2 years 61.5%, 3 years 30.4% and 4 years 29.6%.
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